Educational content. Not tax, legal, or investment advice.
Guide 04 · Federal tax mechanics

RMDs and annuities

An annuity does not create an RMD merely because it is an annuity. RMD rules apply because a contract is held in an arrangement covered by those rules, such as a traditional IRA or certain employer plans.

Latest source update: Jan 22, 2026 · IRS editions shown below

This guide provides general education. It does not calculate your taxable amount or replace advice based on your contract, account, records, and filing facts.

Outside a retirement arrangement

A personally owned non-qualified annuity generally is not subject to the IRA required minimum distribution rules. The contract may have payment terms, but those are not the same thing as a federal RMD.

Inside a traditional IRA or covered employer plan, the governing arrangement’s RMD rules apply. Roth IRAs have different lifetime rules for their owners, while beneficiaries have separate distribution rules.

Annuity payments and remaining balances

Publication 590-B describes special rules when part of an IRA balance is used to purchase an annuity. In some circumstances, an owner may elect to combine the annuity value with the remaining account balance and reduce the resulting requirement by annuity payments.

This is not a universal instruction to net any annuity payment against any account. Contract form, payment timing, arrangement type, and the current regulations matter.

Dates depend on the person and year

The required beginning date depends on birth date and applicable law. A first distribution can have a delayed deadline, but delaying it can cause two required distributions to fall in one calendar year.

Publication 590-B supplies the current tables and explains which table applies. Account values and prior-year ending balances are source inputs; a missing value is not zero.

Questions for the custodian or adviser

Get the calculation in writing and identify which account, balance date, table, and annuity-payment rule were used.

  • Is the contract inside a traditional IRA, Roth IRA, 403(b), or another plan?
  • Is the payment itself treated as satisfying an RMD requirement?
  • Is there a remaining non-annuitized balance requiring a separate calculation?